Harrell JA, Brown VM (1992) The world’s oldest surviving geological map: The 1150 B.C. Geological Survey of Egypt, Internal Report No. 35ppĮl Ramly MF, Ivanov SS, Bassyuni FA, Kochin GG, Ghobrial MG, Spanderashvilli GI, Shalaby IM, Shakhov RA, Adindani AM (1968) Map of mineral resources of the U.A.R., scale 1:1,000,000. Ann Geol Surv Egypt II:1–18Įl Ramly MF, Akaad MK (1960) The basement complex in the Central-Eastern Desert of Egypt between latitudes 24 o30’ and 25 o40’N. Vieweg and Sohn, Weisbaden, pp 17–68Įl Ramly MF (1972) A new geological map for the basement rocks in the Eastern and South-Western Deserts of Egypt. In: El-Gaby S, Greiling RO (eds) The Pan-African belt of Northeast Africa and adjacent areas. Geol Rundsch 73:1019–1036Įl Gaby S, List F, Tehrani R (1988) Geology, evolution and metallogenesis of the Pan-African belt in Egypt. Vieweg & Sohn, Wiesbaden, Germany, 369ppĮl Gaby S, El Nady OM, Khudeir AA (1984) Tectonic evolution of the basement complex in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority, CairoĮl Gaby S, Greiling RO (eds) (1988) The Pan-African belt of Northeast Africa and adjacent areas. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh, 461ppĮGSMA (1981) Geologic map of Egypt scale 1:2,000,000. Egyptian Survey Department, Cairo, 101ppĬlifford TN, Gass IG (eds) (1970) African magmatism and tectonics. Egyptian Survey Department, Cairo, 241ppīeadnell HJL (1905) The topography and geology of the Fayum province of Egypt. Egyptian Survey Department, Cairo, 331ppīarron T (1907) Topography and geology of the Peninsula of Sinai (western portion). Egyptian Survey Department, Cairo, 219ppīarron T, Hume WF (1902) Topography and geology of the Eastern Desert of Egypt (Central Portion). Egyptian Survey Department, Cairo, 394ppīall J (1916) The geography and geology of west Central Sinai. Int J Earth Sci 101:25–37īall J (1912) The geography and geology of south Eastern Desert. Bull Inst Égypte 21:153–190Īugland LE, Andresen A, Boghdady GY (2012) U-Pb ID-TIMS dating of igneous and metaigneous rocks from the El-Sibai area: time constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Int J Earth Sci 98:481–497Īndrew G (1939) The greywackes of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Nature 223:284–285Īndresen A, Abu El-Rus MA, Myhre PI, Boghdady GY, Corfu F (2009) U-Pb TIMS age constraints on the evolution of the Neoproterozoic Meatiq Gneiss Dome, Eastern Desert, Egypt. The 1950s begins a stage of resurgence of academic interest in Egyptian geology, particularly inspired by evolving tectonic concepts and the leadership of Egyptian and western scientists, and is marked by an acceleration in the rate of appearance of national geoscience periodicals.Īkaad MK, Noweir AM (1969) Lithostratigraphy of the Hammamat-Um Seleimatdistrict, Eastern Desert, Egypt. In the first half of the twentieth century, William Fraser Hume and colleagues Ball, Barron and Beadnell conducted fundamental mapping programs that formed the basis for later comprehensive geoscientific research in Egypt. This stage concluded with the momentous founding of the Egyptian Geological Survey by Henry G. The nineteenth century saw the first scientific observations, with the French Expedition, and later with the maps produced by intrepid German explorers, Rohlfs, Zittel and Schweinfurth. Roman to early Ottoman activities followed similar motivations and transported huge quantities of Egyptian stone across the Mediterranean. Pharaonic interests were mainly resource-focused (gold, gemstones, hard stone) and are exemplified by the Turin Papyrus geological map. The history of recorded geological observations of the Egyptian Eastern Desert and Sinai is divided into five stages: Pharaonic, Roman to early Ottoman, nineteenth century, twentieth century to the 1950s and post-1950s.
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